Identity
- Official name
- Republic of Estonia
- Status
- Sovereign country profile
- Demonym
- Estonian
- Codes
- EE / EST
Daily discoveryDid you know?
The latest published population in this atlas is 1.4M (2025).
EERepublic of EstoniaSovereign country profile
Estonia
Estonia is in Northern Europe. This profile brings its status, flag, geography, people, languages, and latest available indicators into one clear visual story.
FlagEST · 058 / 207
🇪🇪 The flag shown for Estonia. Profile code: EE / EST.
01Population1.3M
UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
02CapitalTallinn
Republic of Estonia
03CurrencyEUR
Euro (EUR)
04Life expectancy79.6 years
UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
National anthemMu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõmNational anthem audio · Wikidata / Wikimedia Commons · 1:47
Basic info
Expanded country facts
Core identity, people, geography, government, and practical reference data in one scan-friendly board.
People
- Population
- 1.3M · UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
- Median age
- 43.2 years · UN DESA 2026 medium projection
- Languages
- Estonian
- Largest cities
- Tallinn
Place
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Northern Europe
- Area
- 45,227 km²
- Coordinates
- 59.0° N, 26.0° E
Practical
- Currency
- Euro (EUR)
- Calling code
- +372
- Time zones
- Profile-specific value pending
- Emergency
- Emergency numbers vary; check official guidance
Government
- Type
- parliamentary republic
- Head of state
- Alar Karis
- Head of government
- Kristen Michal
- Constitution
- Comparable date pending
Geography
- Connections
- This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
- Climate
- Cool temperate to continental zones
- Highest point
- Suur Munamägi
- Driving side
- Right
Compare profiles
See Estonia
in context.
Start with a neighbor or a similar regional profile, then adjust the matchup across the complete atlas.
At a glance
Meet
Estonia.
Estonia is a world profile in Northern Europe. Its status is sovereign country profile.
RegionNorthern Europe
DemonymEstonian
Area45,227 km²
Calling code+372
Economy
The latest available indicators.
Economic values use the latest non-empty World Bank year from 2019–2026, shown below each figure.
GDP$47B2025 · current USD
GDP per person$34.4K2025 · current USD
GDP growth0.6%2025 annual growth
A deeper profile
People, systems
& everyday life.
Comparable facts are shown with clear dates and neutral framing. Gaps stay visible instead of being filled with guesses.
How people live
Urban 70.7%Rural 29.3%
World Bank · 2025- Median age
- 43.2 years
- Languages
- Estonian
- Capital / principal city
- Tallinn
Ethnic and religious categories vary by national census and are not presented without a directly comparable, dated source.
Placed in context
Population0.0× atlas average
GDP#101 of 192
Population compares the 207 atlas profiles. GDP ranking includes profiles with a published World Bank value.
A concise timeline
Wikidata records the current state as dating from 1918. Earlier state forms, independence milestones, and later constitutional changes may use different dates, so this is a starting point rather than a complete national timeline.
- Government
- parliamentary republic
- Head of state
- Alar Karis
- Head of government
- Kristen Michal
- Current constitution
- Comparable date pending
Land and climate
- Climate
- Cool temperate to continental zones
- Geography
- Estonia is in Northern Europe and has coastal access. Its listed area is 45,227 km².
- Highest point
- Suur Munamägi
- Major rivers
- Profile-specific value pending
- Natural resources
- Profile-specific value pending
Practical essentials
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +372
- Time zones
- Profile-specific value pending
- Plug types
- Profile-specific value pending
- Tipping
- Local customs vary by setting
- Emergency numbers
- Emergency numbers vary; check official guidance
Remember Estonia
- Tallinn is the capital city.
- Estonia covers 45,227 km².
- Estonia has coastal access.
- It shares land borders with Latvia, Russia.
- Listed official languages include Estonian.
- Its international calling code is +372.
- The latest published population in this atlas is 1.4M (2025).
- The listed currency code is EUR.
Connected places
Neighboring profiles
Continue exploring across each listed land border or connected geography.
This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
Visual atlas
Estonia in view
People & place
Country
essentials.
Estonian
Languages listed in the open country catalog for Estonia.
2 listed connections
This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
Euro (EUR)
The primary currency code and name used in the country catalog.
Identity card
Four essentials
EETwo-letter country code
ESTThree-letter country code
TallinnCapital city
EuropeWorld region
Sources & notes
Numbers you can trace.
Statistics show their reference year because country data changes. Unavailable values are clearly marked instead of estimated.
- UN DESA World Population Prospects — population, age, sex balance, and longevity ↗
- World Bank — latest available economic indicators ↗
- World Bank — urban population share ↗
- Wikidata — government and current officeholders ↗
- National anthem audio source — Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm ↗
- Open country catalog — names, codes and geography ↗
- OpenStreetMap — map data ↗
Verified data & AI projection
Estonia
Special Report.
Estonia is profiled through long-run World Bank indicators covering the economy, population, health, work, technology, and environment. Northern Europe context, regional connectivity, demographic direction, and long-run development indicators.
Current demographic baselineUN DESA · 2026
Medium projection from World Population Prospects, 2024 Revision
Executive read
What the numbers suggest
- Population has moved down since 2000, giving the report a clear demographic baseline.
- Life expectancy is higher than in 2000, showing the direction of health and longevity conditions.
- Recent GDP growth averages 1.0% across the latest 5 available observations.
- Low fertility is a central long-term pressure in the projection scenarios.
Human development pressure
1.4MPopulation base
80.5 yrsLife expectancy
0.73Fertility rate
98.7%Internet access
2035 scenarios are simple educational trend projections from recent historical observations. They are not official forecasts.
economy · NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG
HighGDP growth
200010.1%
20250.58%
2035 base1.80%
Low1.38%Base1.80%High2.23%
recent average · % annual
people · SP.POP.GROW
HighPopulation growth
20000.48%
2025-0.43%
2035 base-0.12%
Low-0.23%Base-0.12%High-0.02%
linear trend · % annual
people · SP.POP.TOTL
HighPopulation
20001.4M
20251.4M
2035 base1.4M
Low1.4MBase1.4MHigh1.4M
compound trend · people
health · SP.DYN.LE00.IN
HighLife expectancy
200070.4 yrs
202479.3 yrs
2035 base80.5 yrs
Low80.1 yrsBase80.5 yrsHigh80.9 yrs
linear trend · years
people · SP.DYN.TFRT.IN
HighFertility rate
20001.36
20241.18
2035 base0.73
Low0.89Base0.73High0.57
linear trend · births per woman
people · SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS
HighUrban population
200067.4%
202570.7%
2035 base73.1%
Low72.3%Base73.1%High74.0%
linear trend · % of total
economy · FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG
HighInflation
20004.02%
20254.83%
2035 base5.04%
Low4.97%Base5.04%High5.11%
recent average · % annual
work · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS
HighUnemployment
200013.4%
20258.31%
2035 base6.36%
Low7.04%Base6.36%High5.68%
recent average · % labor force
economy · NY.GDP.PCAP.CD
HighGDP per capita
2000$4.1K
2025$34.4K
2035 base$66.8K
Low$53.2KBase$66.8KHigh$83.5K
compound trend · current US$
environment · EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
HighCO2 per person
200012.8
20247.76
2035 base0.00
Low0.00Base0.00High0.00
linear trend · t CO2e/capita
technology · IT.NET.USER.ZS
HighInternet access
200028.6%
202492.2%
2035 base98.7%
Low96.4%Base98.7%High100.0%
linear trend · % of people
economy · NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
HighGDP
2000$5.7B
2025$47B
2035 base$94.9B
Low$74.6BBase$94.9BHigh$120B
compound trend · current US$
Educational projection, not an official forecast.Historical values are World Bank observations retrieved 2026-08-13. The 2026 demographic baseline is the official UN DESA medium projection from World Population Prospects 2024. The atlas's 2035 scenarios use simple trend math.