Identity
- Official name
- Romania
- Status
- Sovereign country profile
- Demonym
- Romanian
- Codes
- RO / ROU
Daily discoveryDid you know?
Its international calling code is +40.
RORomaniaSovereign country profile
Romania
Romania is in Southeast Europe. This profile brings its status, flag, geography, people, languages, and latest available indicators into one clear visual story.
FlagROU · 151 / 207
🇷🇴 The flag shown for Romania. Profile code: RO / ROU.
01Population18.8M
UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
02CapitalBucharest
Romania
03CurrencyRON
Romanian leu (RON)
04Life expectancy76.4 years
UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
National anthemDeșteaptă-te, române!National anthem audio · Wikidata / Wikimedia Commons · 2:19
Basic info
Expanded country facts
Core identity, people, geography, government, and practical reference data in one scan-friendly board.
People
- Population
- 18.8M · UN DESA · 2026 medium projection
- Median age
- 43.5 years · UN DESA 2026 medium projection
- Languages
- Romanian
- Largest cities
- Bucharest
Place
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Southeast Europe
- Area
- 238,391 km²
- Coordinates
- 46.0° N, 25.0° E
Practical
- Currency
- Romanian leu (RON)
- Calling code
- +40
- Time zones
- Profile-specific value pending
- Emergency
- Emergency numbers vary; check official guidance
Government
- Type
- unitary state
- Head of state
- Nicușor Dan
- Head of government
- Ilie Bolojan
- Constitution
- Comparable date pending
Geography
- Connections
- This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
- Climate
- Cool temperate to continental zones
- Highest point
- Moldoveanu Peak
- Driving side
- Right
Compare profiles
See Romania
in context.
Start with a neighbor or a similar regional profile, then adjust the matchup across the complete atlas.
At a glance
Meet
Romania.
Romania is a world profile in Southeast Europe. Its status is sovereign country profile.
RegionSoutheast Europe
DemonymRomanian
Area238,391 km²
Calling code+40
Economy
The latest available indicators.
Economic values use the latest non-empty World Bank year from 2019–2026, shown below each figure.
GDP$428.7B2025 · current USD
GDP per person$22.5K2025 · current USD
GDP growth0.7%2025 annual growth
A deeper profile
People, systems
& everyday life.
Comparable facts are shown with clear dates and neutral framing. Gaps stay visible instead of being filled with guesses.
How people live
Urban 52.2%Rural 47.8%
World Bank · 2025- Median age
- 43.5 years
- Languages
- Romanian
- Capital / principal city
- Bucharest
Ethnic and religious categories vary by national census and are not presented without a directly comparable, dated source.
Placed in context
Population0.5× atlas average
GDP#38 of 192
Population compares the 207 atlas profiles. GDP ranking includes profiles with a published World Bank value.
A concise timeline
Wikidata records the current state as dating from 1859. Earlier state forms, independence milestones, and later constitutional changes may use different dates, so this is a starting point rather than a complete national timeline.
- Government
- unitary state
- Head of state
- Nicușor Dan
- Head of government
- Ilie Bolojan
- Current constitution
- Comparable date pending
Land and climate
- Climate
- Cool temperate to continental zones
- Geography
- Romania is in Southeast Europe and has coastal access. Its listed area is 238,391 km².
- Highest point
- Moldoveanu Peak
- Major rivers
- Profile-specific value pending
- Natural resources
- Profile-specific value pending
Practical essentials
- Driving side
- Right
- Calling code
- +40
- Time zones
- Profile-specific value pending
- Plug types
- Profile-specific value pending
- Tipping
- Local customs vary by setting
- Emergency numbers
- Emergency numbers vary; check official guidance
Remember Romania
- Bucharest is the capital city.
- Romania covers 238,391 km².
- Romania has coastal access.
- It shares land borders with Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Serbia, Ukraine.
- Listed official languages include Romanian.
- Its international calling code is +40.
- The latest published population in this atlas is 19M (2025).
- The listed currency code is RON.
Connected places
Neighboring profiles
Continue exploring across each listed land border or connected geography.
This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
Visual atlas
Romania in view
People & place
Country
essentials.
Romanian
Languages listed in the open country catalog for Romania.
5 listed connections
This profile has coastal access and listed land connections.
Romanian leu (RON)
The primary currency code and name used in the country catalog.
Identity card
Four essentials
ROTwo-letter country code
ROUThree-letter country code
BucharestCapital city
EuropeWorld region
Sources & notes
Numbers you can trace.
Statistics show their reference year because country data changes. Unavailable values are clearly marked instead of estimated.
- UN DESA World Population Prospects — population, age, sex balance, and longevity ↗
- World Bank — latest available economic indicators ↗
- World Bank — urban population share ↗
- Wikidata — government and current officeholders ↗
- National anthem audio source — Deșteaptă-te, române! ↗
- Open country catalog — names, codes and geography ↗
- OpenStreetMap — map data ↗
Verified data & AI projection
Romania
Special Report.
Romania is profiled through long-run World Bank indicators covering the economy, population, health, work, technology, and environment. Southeast Europe context, regional connectivity, demographic direction, and long-run development indicators.
Current demographic baselineUN DESA · 2026
Medium projection from World Population Prospects, 2024 Revision
Executive read
What the numbers suggest
- Population has moved down since 2000, giving the report a clear demographic baseline.
- Life expectancy is higher than in 2000, showing the direction of health and longevity conditions.
- Recent GDP growth averages 2.7% across the latest 5 available observations.
- Low fertility is a central long-term pressure in the projection scenarios.
Human development pressure
18.3MPopulation base
77.3 yrsLife expectancy
1.17Fertility rate
100.0%Internet access
2035 scenarios are simple educational trend projections from recent historical observations. They are not official forecasts.
economy · NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG
HighGDP growth
20002.46%
20250.68%
2035 base3.04%
Low2.22%Base3.04%High3.87%
recent average · % annual
people · SP.POP.GROW
HighPopulation growth
2000-0.13%
2025-0.17%
2035 base0.49%
Low0.26%Base0.49%High0.72%
linear trend · % annual
people · SP.POP.TOTL
HighPopulation
200022.4M
202519M
2035 base18.3M
Low18.5MBase18.3MHigh18M
compound trend · people
health · SP.DYN.LE00.IN
HighLife expectancy
200071.2 yrs
202476.5 yrs
2035 base77.3 yrs
Low77.0 yrsBase77.3 yrsHigh77.6 yrs
linear trend · years
people · SP.DYN.TFRT.IN
HighFertility rate
20001.31
20241.39
2035 base1.17
Low1.25Base1.17High1.09
linear trend · births per woman
people · SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS
HighUrban population
200052.9%
202552.2%
2035 base50.5%
Low51.1%Base50.5%High49.9%
linear trend · % of total
economy · FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG
HighInflation
200045.7%
20257.19%
2035 base5.30%
Low5.96%Base5.30%High4.64%
recent average · % annual
work · SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS
HighUnemployment
20006.97%
20255.99%
2035 base5.21%
Low5.49%Base5.21%High4.94%
recent average · % labor force
economy · NY.GDP.PCAP.CD
HighGDP per capita
2000$1.7K
2025$22.5K
2035 base$56.6K
Low$41.4KBase$56.6KHigh$76.6K
compound trend · current US$
environment · EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
HighCO2 per person
20004.34
20243.72
2035 base3.28
Low3.44Base3.28High3.13
linear trend · t CO2e/capita
technology · IT.NET.USER.ZS
HighInternet access
20003.61%
202491.3%
2035 base100.0%
Low100.0%Base100.0%High100.0%
linear trend · % of people
economy · NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
HighGDP
2000$37.3B
2025$428.7B
2035 base$1T
Low$766BBase$1THigh$1.4T
compound trend · current US$
Educational projection, not an official forecast.Historical values are World Bank observations retrieved 2026-08-13. The 2026 demographic baseline is the official UN DESA medium projection from World Population Prospects 2024. The atlas's 2035 scenarios use simple trend math.